The injured person who makes the claim. In court proceedings the same person is called the plaintiff.
The claimant is the person who was injured and who makes the claim against the insurer. Once court proceedings are started the claimant is described as the plaintiff, and the party defending the claim as the defendant.
A claim can also be made by the estate or dependants of a person who has died, and in some schemes by a parent or guardian on behalf of a child.